Global coffee production is dominated by Brazil, Vietnam, and Colombia, with world output reaching between 168–178 million 60‑kg bags in recent years, depending on weather patterns and market conditions.
Coffee is one of the world’s most traded agricultural commodities, supporting millions of farmers and fueling a global industry worth billions. Understanding how coffee is grown, where it comes from, and how production is shifting helps explain everything from price fluctuations to flavour diversity.
Recent reports show that global coffee production has ranged from 168.2 million to 178.7 million 60‑kg bags, depending on climate conditions, crop cycles, and regional performance, says the International Coffee Organization and foodbusinessmea.com.
Global Coffee Production Overview
According to the International Coffee Organisation, world coffee production reached 168.2 million bags in 2022/23, with Arabica accounting for 94 million bags and Robusta for 74.2 million. Production is expected to rise to 178 million bags in 2023/24, driven largely by Brazil’s biennial crop cycle and improved yields. The USDA forecasts that global production in 2025/26 will reach a record 178.7 million bags, supported by strong Robusta output in Vietnam, Indonesia, and Ethiopia.
Top Coffee‑Producing Countries
The world’s top coffee-producing countries are all located in South America, Asia and Africa. USDA data for the 2025/26 marketing year highlights the world’s leading producers:
- Brazil – 63 million bags (35% of global production)
- Vietnam – 30.8 million bags (17%)
- Colombia – 13.8 million bags (8%)
- Indonesia – 12.45 million bags (7%)
- Ethiopia – 11.56 million bags (6%)
- Uganda – 6.88 million bags (4%)
- India – 6.05 million bags (3%)
These countries dominate due to favourable climates, established farming systems, and strong export infrastructure.
Key Factors Influencing Global Coffee Production
1. Climate & Weather Patterns
Adverse weather—especially droughts, frosts, and heatwaves—has significantly affected yields in regions like Vietnam, Uganda, and Brazil. The ICO notes that Asia & Oceania and Africa saw production declines of 4.7% and 7.2% in 2022/23 due to weather stress.
2. Arabica vs. Robusta Trends
Arabica production has grown modestly, while Robusta is expanding faster due to its climate resilience and higher yields. USDA forecasts show Robusta output rising 7.9% in 2025/26.
3. Economic Pressures & Consumption
Global consumption dipped by 2% in 2022/23 due to inflation and reduced disposable income, though long‑term demand remains strong.
Table: Top Coffee Producers (2025/26 Forecast)
| Country | Production (60‑kg bags) | Share of Global Output | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|
| Brazil | 63 million | 35% | Largest producer; strong Arabica cycle |
| Vietnam | 30.8 million | 17% | Robusta powerhouse |
| Colombia | 13.8 million | 8% | Premium Arabica origin |
| Indonesia | 12.45 million | 7% | Rising Robusta output |
| Ethiopia | 11.56 million | 6% | Birthplace of Arabica |
| Uganda | 6.88 million | 4% | Major Robusta exporter |
| India | 6.05 million | 3% | Mix of Arabica & Robusta |
USDA Foreign Agricultural Service